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KMID : 0381319880270010027
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Korean Journal of Occupational Health
1988 Volume.27 No. 1 p.27 ~ p.34
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The Epidemiological Study on Dust Concentration and Prevalence of Pneumoconiosis in Korean Coalminers
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Abstract
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To assess the dust concentration as well as total and respirable dust including free silica content and the prevalence of pneumoconiosis, this study was carried out on 24,000 underground workers who are employing at present in 52 collieries.
For the radiological examination, the copacitor discharge type mass-survey X-ray was used and X-ray from the rotating anode tube(500mA 55KVP) was applied at the distance of 1.5m.
Two well-experienced specialists took part in the reading of chest X-ray films in this study. and the categories of pneumoconiosis was classified according to the ILO-U/c International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconiosis(ILO 1980).
The dusts were sampled for six hours at working point. The Concentration of respirable dust and free silica in the total dust were measured using the piezoelectric microblance and X-ray diffraction method each.
The results were as follows:
1. Of the total subjects. coal face workers were 53.5％, while tunnel drillers and the other kind of underground work were 19.9％ and 31.9％ each.
2. According to the scale of coalmines and the kind of underground works, the range of free silica measurement was variable as well as 0.09-28.14％.
3. The amount of total dust in collieries more than 500 employees was averagely 4.13±1.35㎎/㎥, while the amount was averagely accounted 5.94±1.31㎎/㎥ in collieries less than 500 employees.
There were some rock places which was in excess of threshold limit value.
4. The average amount of respirable dust was 2.12±0.87㎎/㎥ in coal face more than 500 employees. while the amount was 3.15±0.98㎎/㎥ in coal face less than 500 employees. The amount was in excess of threshold limit value according to the scale of collieries and the work place to be measured.
5. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis was 16.5％ in the collieries less than 500 employees. while the prevalence was 12.8％ in collieries more than 500 employees. The overall prevalence of Premoconiosis in the all subjects was 13.8％.
6. The prevalence of Pneumoconiosis was significantly increased according to the years of underground work.
7. The prevalence of Pneumoconiosis was significantly higher in the high content class of free silica dust than in the low and middle classes.
8. The progression from one subcategory to another of simple Pneumoconiosis took place at speed of approximately 0.7 years on an average.
The occurance of the lower a 5 percentile of simple Pneumoconiosis stood at 9.2 years in category 0/1.
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